HLHS
Also written as: HLHS — Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome
Hypoplastic left heart syndrome; a severe congenital heart defect where the left side of the heart is critically underdeveloped.
Full Definition
Hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) is a complex and severe congenital heart defect characterized by underdevelopment of the left-sided heart structures, including the left ventricle, mitral valve, aortic valve, and ascending aorta. This condition affects approximately 1 in 4,000 births and is incompatible with life without intervention. Treatment typically involves a series of three staged surgical procedures (Norwood, bidirectional Glenn, and Fontan) or heart transplantation. The prognosis has improved significantly with advances in surgical techniques and perioperative care, though long-term complications remain common.
Usage
Usage note: One of the most serious forms of congenital heart disease; always spell out on first use in patient communications.
In Context
- "The fetus was diagnosed with HLHS at 20 weeks gestation during routine prenatal screening." — Fetal cardiology consultation
- "Staged surgical palliation remains the standard treatment approach for HLHS in most centers." — Treatment guideline document