pharmacokinetics in pediatric critical care
The study of drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination in critically ill children, which differs significantly from healthy pediatric populations and adults.
Full Definition
Pharmacokinetics in pediatric critical care encompasses the complex changes in drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination that occur in critically ill children. Critical illness can dramatically alter pharmacokinetic parameters through mechanisms such as altered protein binding due to hypoalbuminemia, increased volume of distribution from fluid resuscitation or capillary leak, reduced hepatic metabolism from liver dysfunction, and impaired renal clearance from acute kidney injury. Additionally, developmental changes in enzyme systems, body composition, and organ function create age-dependent variations in drug handling. These factors necessitate careful dose adjustment, therapeutic drug monitoring, and individualized dosing strategies to optimize therapeutic outcomes while minimizing toxicity in pediatric ICU patients.
Usage
Usage note: Often abbreviated as 'PK' in clinical practice.
In Context
- "Altered pharmacokinetics in this critically ill infant required dose adjustment and frequent drug level monitoring." — Clinical pharmacy consultation
- "The research protocol examined pharmacokinetics in pediatric critical care to optimize antibiotic dosing regimens." — Clinical research proposal