PPHN
Also written as: PPHN — persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn
Acronym for persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn. Condition where pulmonary vascular resistance remains elevated after birth.
Full Definition
Persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn is a syndrome characterized by sustained elevation of pulmonary vascular resistance after birth, resulting in right-to-left shunting through fetal circulatory pathways (foramen ovale and ductus arteriosus). This condition prevents the normal postnatal decrease in pulmonary artery pressure, leading to severe hypoxemia. PPHN can be primary (idiopathic) or secondary to conditions such as meconium aspiration, sepsis, or congenital diaphragmatic hernia. Treatment often includes mechanical ventilation, inhaled nitric oxide, and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in severe cases.
Usage
Usage note: Previously known as persistent fetal circulation (PFC), but PPHN is now the preferred term.
In Context
- "The neonate developed PPHN secondary to group B streptococcal sepsis." — Neonatal discharge summary
- "Inhaled nitric oxide was initiated for severe PPHN with oxygenation index >25." — NICU treatment protocol