respiratory syncytial virus
A common viral pathogen causing respiratory illness, particularly severe in infants and immunocompromised children.
Full Definition
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most common cause of bronchiolitis and pneumonia in infants under two years of age. The virus causes significant morbidity in premature infants, those with chronic lung disease, congenital heart disease, and immunocompromised patients. RSV infection can range from mild upper respiratory symptoms to severe respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation. Seasonal epidemics typically occur in fall and winter months. Prevention strategies include palivizumab prophylaxis for high-risk infants and strict isolation precautions in healthcare settings. Treatment is primarily supportive, focusing on maintaining oxygenation and hydration.
Usage
Usage note: RSV acceptable after first use. Specify if referring to prophylaxis, infection, or season.
In Context
- "The former premature infant was admitted with severe respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis requiring high-flow oxygen." — PICU admission note
- "RSV prophylaxis with palivizumab was recommended for the high-risk infant with chronic lung disease." — Pulmonology consultation