DIOS
Pronunciation: DYE-oss
Also written as: DIOS — Distal Intestinal Obstruction Syndrome
A complication of cystic fibrosis involving thick secretions causing partial or complete small bowel obstruction.
Full Definition
Distal Intestinal Obstruction Syndrome (DIOS) is a complication specific to patients with cystic fibrosis, characterized by accumulation of thick, tenacious secretions in the terminal ileum and cecum leading to partial or complete bowel obstruction. The condition results from abnormal mucus production due to CFTR dysfunction, inadequate pancreatic enzyme replacement, or medication non-compliance. DIOS presents with cramping abdominal pain, distension, and a palpable mass in the right lower quadrant. Treatment involves aggressive hydration, hyperosmolar contrast agents, and optimization of enzyme therapy. Surgical intervention may be required for complete obstruction unresponsive to medical management.
Usage
Usage note: Previously termed 'meconium ileus equivalent' but DIOS is now preferred terminology.
In Context
- "The adolescent with cystic fibrosis presented with recurrent DIOS requiring Gastrografin enemas." — Emergency department note
- "Optimization of pancreatic enzyme dosing helped prevent further episodes of DIOS." — Cystic fibrosis clinic follow-up