duodenal atresia
A congenital obstruction of the duodenum due to failure of recanalization during embryonic development.
Full Definition
Duodenal atresia represents a complete obstruction of the duodenal lumen, most commonly occurring distal to the ampulla of Vater. This condition results from failure of the solid cord stage of duodenal development to recanalize properly during the 8th to 10th week of gestation. Prenatal diagnosis is often made via ultrasound showing polyhydramnios and the characteristic 'double bubble' sign. Associated anomalies occur in up to 50% of cases, with trisomy 21 being the most common chromosomal abnormality. Surgical correction involves duodenoduodenostomy or duodenojejunostomy.
Usage
Usage note: Distinguished from stenosis by complete versus partial obstruction.
In Context
- "Prenatal ultrasound revealed the classic double bubble sign suggestive of duodenal atresia." — Maternal-fetal medicine consultation
- "The neonate required urgent duodenoduodenostomy for complete duodenal atresia." — Neonatal surgery operative note