malrotation
Pronunciation: mal-roh-TAY-shun
Congenital abnormal rotation of the intestines during fetal development, predisposing to volvulus and obstruction.
Full Definition
Malrotation is a congenital condition resulting from incomplete or abnormal rotation of the intestines during fetal development. Normally, the bowel undergoes a 270-degree counterclockwise rotation around the superior mesenteric artery. When this process is disrupted, the small bowel has an abnormally narrow mesenteric base, predisposing it to twisting (volvulus). Malrotation can present in the neonatal period with bilious vomiting and signs of intestinal obstruction, or may remain asymptomatic until later in childhood. The condition is diagnosed through upper gastrointestinal contrast studies and requires surgical correction (Ladd procedure) to prevent life-threatening volvulus.
In Context
- "Upper GI series revealed malrotation with abnormal position of the ligament of Treitz, necessitating urgent Ladd procedure." — Pediatric surgery consultation