necrotizing enterocolitis
Pronunciation: NEH-kroh-ty-zing en-ter-oh-koh-LY-tis
Life-threatening inflammatory condition of the intestines primarily affecting premature infants, causing tissue death and perforation.
Full Definition
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a serious inflammatory condition affecting the intestines, predominantly occurring in premature infants. The disease involves inflammation and death (necrosis) of intestinal tissue, most commonly affecting the terminal ileum and ascending colon. NEC typically presents with feeding intolerance, abdominal distension, bloody stools, and signs of systemic illness. Risk factors include prematurity, formula feeding, and intestinal ischemia. The condition can progress rapidly to intestinal perforation, sepsis, and death. Diagnosis involves clinical assessment and abdominal imaging, while treatment ranges from supportive care to emergency surgical intervention.
Usage
Usage note: Commonly abbreviated as NEC in clinical settings but should be spelled out in formal documentation.
In Context
- "The premature infant's pneumatosis intestinalis on abdominal X-ray confirmed the diagnosis of necrotizing enterocolitis." — Neonatal intensive care unit progress note