bacterial tracheitis
A rare but potentially life-threatening bacterial infection of the trachea, often presenting as croup that fails to improve with standard treatment.
Full Definition
Bacterial tracheitis is a severe bacterial infection of the trachea that typically affects children aged 6 months to 6 years. It often presents initially as viral croup but fails to respond to standard croup treatments like corticosteroids and nebulized epinephrine. The condition is characterized by high fever, toxic appearance, and significant respiratory distress. It requires immediate antibiotic therapy and may necessitate intubation due to thick, purulent secretions that can obstruct the airway. The most common causative organisms include Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae.
Usage
Usage note: Often confused with viral croup in initial presentation; key distinguishing features include failure to respond to standard croup therapy and toxic appearance.
In Context
- "The patient's bacterial tracheitis required immediate intubation due to copious purulent secretions." — Emergency department note
- "Unlike viral croup, bacterial tracheitis typically presents with high fever and toxic appearance." — Pediatric infectious disease consultation