mastoiditis
Pronunciation: mas-toy-DY-tis
Bacterial infection of the mastoid air cells, typically a complication of acute otitis media requiring urgent antibiotic therapy.
Full Definition
Mastoiditis is a serious bacterial infection of the mastoid air cells located behind the ear, most commonly occurring as a complication of untreated or inadequately treated acute otitis media. The condition presents with fever, ear pain, and characteristic postauricular swelling and erythema. In pediatric patients, mastoiditis can lead to serious complications including intracranial extension, facial nerve palsy, or hearing loss. Diagnosis is confirmed through CT imaging, and treatment requires prompt intravenous antibiotic therapy, often necessitating surgical drainage in severe cases.
Usage
Usage note: Often confused with simple cellulitis; key distinguishing features include the specific anatomical location and association with otitis media.
In Context
- "The patient presented with fever and postauricular swelling suggestive of mastoiditis." — Emergency department assessment
- "CT scan confirmed mastoiditis with early signs of intracranial extension." — Radiological report