parotitis
Pronunciation: pair-oh-TIE-tis
Inflammation of the parotid gland, which may be viral (commonly mumps), bacterial, or recurrent, causing facial swelling and pain.
Full Definition
Parotitis refers to inflammation of the parotid gland, the largest salivary gland located in front of and below the ear. In children, the most common cause is viral infection, particularly mumps, though bacterial parotitis can occur secondary to dehydration, poor oral hygiene, or immunocompromised states. Recurrent parotitis of childhood is a chronic condition of unknown etiology characterized by episodic painful swelling. Clinical presentation includes unilateral or bilateral facial swelling, pain that worsens with eating, and sometimes fever. Bacterial parotitis may present with purulent drainage from Stensen's duct and requires antibiotic treatment, while viral parotitis is managed supportively. Ultrasound or CT may help differentiate between causes and identify complications such as abscess formation.
Usage
Usage note: Specify viral, bacterial, or recurrent when known; mumps is a specific viral cause but not synonymous with all parotitis.
In Context
- "The child's recurrent parotitis episodes were managed with hydration and analgesics." — Pediatric ENT follow-up
- "Bacterial parotitis was suspected due to purulent drainage from the parotid duct." — Emergency department evaluation