pneumatocele
Pronunciation: new-MAT-oh-seel
A thin-walled, air-filled cystic space within the lung parenchyma, typically occurring as a complication of bacterial pneumonia in children.
Full Definition
A pneumatocele is a thin-walled, air-containing cyst within the lung parenchyma that develops as a complication of acute pneumonia, particularly those caused by Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and other gram-positive bacteria. These lesions are more common in children than adults and typically appear during the recovery phase of pneumonia. Pneumatoceles form when infection causes necrosis and cavitation of lung tissue, with subsequent air trapping. Most pneumatoceles are asymptomatic and resolve spontaneously over weeks to months, though large ones may cause respiratory compromise or require intervention if they become infected or cause tension pneumothorax. Serial chest imaging is typically used to monitor resolution.
Usage
Usage note: More common in pediatric than adult populations; usually associated with bacterial pneumonia complications.
In Context
- "Serial chest X-rays showed gradual resolution of the pneumatocele following staphylococcal pneumonia." — Pediatric pulmonology follow-up
- "The large pneumatocele required monitoring for potential tension and respiratory compromise." — Pediatric ICU progress note