atopic dermatitis
Pronunciation: ay-TOP-ik der-mah-TIE-tis
A chronic inflammatory skin condition characterized by dry, itchy patches, commonly beginning in infancy and often associated with allergies.
Full Definition
Atopic dermatitis, commonly known as eczema, is a chronic inflammatory skin condition that typically begins in early infancy. It is characterized by dry, red, scaly, and intensely itchy patches of skin that most commonly affect the face, neck, and flexural areas such as the elbows and knees. The condition is part of the atopic triad, along with asthma and allergic rhinitis, and often represents the first manifestation of the atopic march. The exact cause is multifactorial, involving genetic predisposition, environmental factors, and immune system dysfunction. Management includes moisturizers, topical corticosteroids, trigger avoidance, and newer immunomodulatory therapies. The condition tends to improve with age, though many children continue to have sensitive skin into adulthood.
Usage
Usage note: Preferred medical term over 'eczema' in formal documentation.
In Context
- "The infant's atopic dermatitis improved significantly with consistent moisturizing and mild topical steroids." — Dermatology follow-up note
- "Children with atopic dermatitis should be monitored for the development of food allergies and asthma." — Pediatric allergy assessment