breath-holding spell
A benign paroxysmal event in toddlers where the child holds their breath during crying, sometimes leading to brief loss of consciousness.
Full Definition
Breath-holding spells are dramatic but benign episodes that occur in healthy children, typically between 6 months and 6 years of age, with peak incidence around 2 years. These events are triggered by emotional upset, frustration, or minor injuries, causing the child to cry vigorously and then hold their breath. There are two types: cyanotic (blue) spells, where the child becomes blue around the lips and may lose consciousness, and pallid (white) spells, where the child becomes pale and may have a brief seizure-like episode. The episodes are self-limiting, lasting 30-60 seconds, with spontaneous recovery and no long-term consequences. Breath-holding spells can be frightening for parents but are not dangerous and typically resolve by school age. Management focuses on parental education, avoiding reinforcement of the behavior, and ensuring a safe environment during episodes.
Usage
Usage note: Important to distinguish from pathological apnea or seizure disorders; emphasize benign nature in documentation.
In Context
- "The 2-year-old experienced a typical cyanotic breath-holding spell after being told 'no' by her mother." — pediatric emergency visit note
- "Parents were reassured that breath-holding spells are benign and will resolve with age and behavioral maturation." — anticipatory guidance documentation