hemolytic uremic syndrome
Pronunciation: HEE-moh-lit-ik yoor-EE-mik SIN-drome
A serious condition characterized by the triad of hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and acute kidney injury, often following bacterial infection.
Full Definition
Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) is a life-threatening condition defined by the triad of microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and acute kidney injury. The most common form in children is typical HUS, which usually occurs following infection with Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC), particularly serotype O157:H7. The syndrome typically develops 5-10 days after the onset of bloody diarrhea. The Shiga toxin damages the glomerular endothelium, leading to the characteristic findings. Children may present with pallor, decreased urine output, edema, and neurological symptoms. Treatment is primarily supportive, including fluid management, blood pressure control, and potentially dialysis. Most children recover completely, though some may develop chronic kidney disease.
Usage
Usage note: Often abbreviated as HUS in medical documentation; requires immediate nephrology consultation.
In Context
- "The child developed hemolytic uremic syndrome one week after consuming contaminated ground beef." — Pediatric nephrology consultation
- "Laboratory findings consistent with hemolytic uremic syndrome include schistocytes on blood smear and elevated LDH." — Laboratory interpretation guide