meconium ileus
Pronunciation: meh-KOH-nee-um IL-ee-us
A neonatal intestinal obstruction caused by abnormally thick meconium, often the presenting sign of cystic fibrosis.
Full Definition
Meconium ileus is a form of intestinal obstruction that occurs in newborns when abnormally thick and sticky meconium becomes impacted in the small intestine, typically at the level of the terminal ileum. This condition affects approximately 15-20% of infants with cystic fibrosis and may be the presenting manifestation of the disease. The obstruction results from the absence or dysfunction of pancreatic enzymes, leading to thick, proteinaceous meconium that cannot be passed normally. Infants present with signs of bowel obstruction including abdominal distention, vomiting, and failure to pass meconium within 48 hours of birth. Diagnosis is confirmed by imaging studies showing dilated bowel loops with a characteristic 'soap bubble' appearance. Treatment may include contrast enemas or surgical intervention.
Usage
Usage note: Strong association with cystic fibrosis; distinguish from meconium plug syndrome.
In Context
- "The newborn's failure to pass meconium and abdominal distention led to the diagnosis of meconium ileus." — Neonatal surgery consultation
- "Meconium ileus in a newborn should prompt immediate testing for cystic fibrosis." — Genetic counseling note