retinopathy of prematurity
Also written as: ROP — retinopathy of prematurity
An eye disorder affecting premature infants, characterized by abnormal blood vessel development in the retina that can lead to blindness.
Full Definition
Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a potentially blinding eye disorder that affects premature infants, particularly those born before 31 weeks gestation or weighing less than 1,250 grams. The condition results from incomplete vascularization of the retina at birth, followed by abnormal vessel proliferation in response to relative hyperoxia and subsequent hypoxia. ROP is classified into stages (1-5) based on severity, with stage 5 representing total retinal detachment. The condition is further categorized by zone (I, II, or III) indicating location and the presence or absence of plus disease, which indicates vessel dilation and tortuosity. Early detection through serial ophthalmologic examinations is essential, as timely treatment can prevent vision loss.
Usage
Usage note: Former term 'retrolental fibroplasia' is outdated; current classification includes stage, zone, and plus disease status.
In Context
- "Ophthalmologic examination revealed zone II, stage 2 retinopathy of prematurity without plus disease." — Pediatric ophthalmology consultation
- "The extremely low birth weight infant requires weekly screening for retinopathy of prematurity until retinal maturation is complete." — NICU discharge planning