complement activation
Immune system cascade implicated in several pediatric glomerular diseases including atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome and C3 glomerulonephritis.
Full Definition
Complement activation refers to the sequential enzymatic cascade of complement proteins that can cause direct tissue damage in the kidney when dysregulated. In pediatric nephrology, abnormal complement activation is central to the pathogenesis of atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome, C3 glomerulonephritis, and some forms of membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis. Understanding complement pathways has led to targeted therapies like eculizumab for complement-mediated diseases, representing a significant advance in treating these previously fatal conditions.
Usage
Usage note: Specify classical, alternative, or lectin pathway when known; relevant for targeted therapies.
In Context
- "Laboratory studies confirmed alternative pathway complement activation in this case of aHUS." — Nephrology consultation note
- "Complement activation markers guided the decision to initiate targeted complement inhibitor therapy." — Treatment decision documentation