epileptic spasms
Brief, symmetric contractions of axial and limb muscles occurring in clusters, typically in infancy.
Full Definition
Epileptic spasms are a distinctive seizure type characterized by brief (1-2 seconds), symmetric contractions involving the neck, trunk, and extremities. They typically occur in clusters upon awakening or before sleep and may be flexor, extensor, or mixed in nature. While classically associated with West syndrome when occurring in infancy with hypsarrhythmia, epileptic spasms can occur at any age and in various epilepsy syndromes. The term 'epileptic spasms' has largely replaced 'infantile spasms' to reflect this broader age range and clinical spectrum.
Usage
Usage note: Preferred term over 'infantile spasms' when referring to spasms occurring beyond infancy.
In Context
- "The patient exhibited clusters of epileptic spasms upon awakening each morning." — Seizure semiology description
- "Video review confirmed flexor-type epileptic spasms lasting approximately one second each." — VEEG analysis report