Skip to main content
Professional Technical IVT

NMDA receptor encephalitis

Also written as: NMDA — N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis

An autoimmune encephalitis caused by antibodies against NMDA receptors, presenting with psychiatric symptoms, seizures, and movement disorders.

Full Definition

NMDA receptor encephalitis is an autoimmune condition in which antibodies target N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors in the brain, leading to receptor dysfunction and inflammation. The condition typically presents in children and young adults with a characteristic progression of symptoms including psychiatric manifestations, memory problems, seizures, dyskinesias, and autonomic dysfunction. In pediatric patients, the presentation may be more acute with seizures and altered consciousness being prominent early features. The condition is often associated with ovarian teratomas in adolescent females but can occur without an underlying tumor.

Usage

Usage note: Always capitalize NMDA; consider tumor screening in adolescent females with this diagnosis.

In Context

  • "The teenager's acute psychosis and seizures led to testing for NMDA receptor encephalitis." — Emergency department note
  • "CSF analysis confirmed NMDA receptor antibodies, establishing the diagnosis of autoimmune encephalitis." — Laboratory report

Also known as

anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis

Don't confuse with

viral encephalitis autoimmune encephalitis psychosis

Editors from these organisations have used our services since 1998

Reuters BBC Oxford University Press Penguin Random House Springer Microsoft Suncor Energy United Nations Fisher Investments IBM The Home Depot KODAK CHEVRON