Congenital Glaucoma
Elevated intraocular pressure present at birth causing corneal enlargement, cloudiness, and potential vision loss.
Full Definition
Congenital glaucoma results from developmental abnormalities of the eye's drainage system present at birth, leading to elevated intraocular pressure and characteristic clinical signs. The classic triad includes buphthalmos (enlarged eye), corneal edema causing cloudiness, and photophobia with excessive tearing. The condition occurs in approximately 1 in 10,000 births and can be primary (isolated) or secondary to other ocular or systemic abnormalities. Early surgical intervention with goniotomy or trabeculotomy is typically required to lower intraocular pressure and prevent permanent vision loss. The prognosis depends on early diagnosis and prompt surgical management, with some cases requiring multiple procedures or lifetime pressure monitoring.
Usage
Usage note: Document specific intraocular pressure measurements and corneal diameter when available.
In Context
- "The newborn presented with congenital glaucoma featuring bilateral corneal clouding and photophobia." — Emergency pediatric ophthalmology consultation
- "Surgical management of congenital glaucoma with goniotomy successfully reduced intraocular pressure to normal levels." — Post-operative follow-up report