nystagmus
Pronunciation: ni-STAG-mus
Involuntary, rhythmic eye movements that can be horizontal, vertical, or rotatory.
Full Definition
Nystagmus is an involuntary, repetitive movement of the eyes that can significantly impact vision and development in children. It may be congenital (present from birth) or acquired due to various neurological or ocular conditions. The movements can be pendular (smooth oscillations) or jerk (fast phase in one direction, slow return). Congenital nystagmus is often associated with conditions like albinism, aniridia, or Leber congenital amaurosis. Management focuses on optimizing vision through refractive correction, head positioning, and sometimes surgical intervention.
Usage
Usage note: Specify direction, type (pendular vs. jerk), and any null point when documenting.
In Context
- "The infant presented with horizontal jerk nystagmus and photophobia suggesting albinism." — Genetic consultation report
- "Prism glasses were prescribed to utilize the null point and reduce nystagmus intensity." — Treatment plan