pediatric cataract
Lens opacification occurring in infancy or childhood, requiring urgent evaluation and potential surgery to prevent deprivation amblyopia.
Full Definition
Pediatric cataracts represent lens opacifications present at birth (congenital) or developing during childhood (developmental). Unlike adult cataracts, pediatric cataracts pose immediate threats to visual development due to critical periods for normal visual maturation. Dense central cataracts larger than 3mm in diameter typically require urgent surgical removal to prevent stimulus-deprivation amblyopia, especially if bilateral. Partial cataracts may be managed with pupillary dilation, contact lenses, or observation. Post-surgical visual rehabilitation is crucial and may involve contact lenses, IOLs, or glasses, along with aggressive amblyopia therapy. Etiologies include inherited disorders, intrauterine infections, metabolic diseases, and trauma.
Usage
Usage note: Always specify density, size, location, and urgency of intervention. Note associated ocular or systemic abnormalities.
In Context
- "The dense pediatric cataract required immediate lensectomy to prevent irreversible deprivation amblyopia." — Urgent surgical consultation
- "Partial pediatric cataract management included pupillary dilation and close amblyopia monitoring." — Conservative treatment plan