gastroschisis
Pronunciation: /ˌɡæstroʊˈskiːsɪs/
A congenital abdominal wall defect where intestines protrude through an opening beside the umbilical cord.
Full Definition
Gastroschisis is a congenital abdominal wall defect characterized by herniation of intestinal contents through a full-thickness defect in the anterior abdominal wall, typically located to the right of an intact umbilical cord insertion. Unlike omphalocele, the herniated organs in gastroschisis are not covered by a protective membrane, leading to exposure to amniotic fluid throughout fetal development. This exposure can result in bowel wall thickening, matting, and functional impairment. The condition occurs in approximately 1 in 4,000 births and has been increasing in incidence over recent decades. Maternal risk factors include young age, low body mass index, and certain medications. Treatment involves immediate protection of the exposed bowel and staged surgical closure.
Usage
Usage note: Distinguish from omphalocele, which involves a membrane-covered defect.
In Context
- "Prenatal ultrasound detected gastroschisis with free-floating loops of small bowel in the amniotic cavity." — Prenatal diagnosis report
- "The neonate underwent primary closure of the gastroschisis defect on the first day of life." — Operative note