protracted bacterial bronchitis
Also written as: PBB — Protracted Bacterial Bronchitis
A chronic endobronchial bacterial infection in young children characterised by an isolated moist or wet cough lasting more than four weeks that resolves with a two-week course of appropriate antibiotics.
Full Definition
Protracted bacterial bronchitis is now recognised as the most common cause of chronic wet cough in children under 6 years of age in developed countries. The predominant pathogens are nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Moraxella catarrhalis. Bronchoalveolar lavage typically demonstrates neutrophilic inflammation and positive bacterial culture. PBB may recur and, if left untreated or if recurrence is frequent, may represent a precursor to bronchiectasis. Editors should note that 'protracted' (not 'prolonged' or 'persistent') is the internationally accepted qualifier, and the cough must be specifically 'wet' or 'moist', not merely chronic.
Usage
Usage note: 'Protracted' is the preferred term; query authors who use 'persistent bacterial bronchitis' as this is not the accepted terminology. The cough descriptor must be 'wet' or 'moist', not simply 'chronic'.
In Context
- "Protracted bacterial bronchitis (PBB) should be considered in any child under 6 years presenting with a chronic wet cough of more than 4 weeks' duration." — Clinical guideline document
- "A two-week course of amoxicillin–clavulanate resulted in complete cough resolution, supporting the diagnosis of PBB." — Paediatric outpatient clinic letter