tracheostomy
Pronunciation: tray-kee-OS-tuh-mee
Surgical procedure creating an opening in the anterior neck to establish a direct airway through the trachea.
Full Definition
A tracheostomy is a surgical procedure that involves creating an opening (stoma) in the anterior wall of the trachea, typically between the second and fourth tracheal rings, to establish a direct airway. In pediatric patients, tracheostomy may be performed for prolonged mechanical ventilation, upper airway obstruction, congenital anomalies, or to facilitate secretion management in children with neuromuscular disorders. The procedure involves placing a tracheostomy tube through the stoma to maintain airway patency. Pediatric tracheostomy requires specialized expertise due to anatomical differences including smaller airway diameter, higher laryngeal position, and more anterior tracheal location. Post-operative care includes humidification, secretion management, and emergency procedures for tube dislodgement or obstruction.
Usage
Usage note: Often colloquially referred to as 'trach' in clinical settings.
In Context
- "The child with severe subglottic stenosis required tracheostomy for long-term airway management." — Pediatric otolaryngology operative note
- "Tracheostomy care education was provided to the family prior to hospital discharge." — Discharge planning documentation