bronchogram sign
Radiological finding where air-filled bronchi remain visible within consolidated lung tissue, indicating preserved airway patency.
Full Definition
The bronchogram sign, also known as air bronchogram, is a radiological finding seen on chest imaging where air-filled bronchi and bronchioles remain visible as dark, branching structures within opacified (white) lung parenchyma. This occurs when alveolar spaces are filled with fluid, pus, blood, or cells while the airways remain patent and air-filled. In pediatric radiology, this sign is commonly seen in pneumonia, pulmonary edema, and respiratory distress syndrome. The presence of air bronchograms helps distinguish alveolar from interstitial disease and confirms that the opacity represents true consolidation rather than atelectasis or pleural effusion. It is particularly useful in neonatal chest imaging for diagnosing surfactant deficiency disorders.
Usage
Usage note: May be written as 'bronchogram sign' or 'air bronchogram'. Describe as present or absent in consolidation reports.
In Context
- "Air bronchograms within the right lower lobe consolidation confirm alveolar disease." — Pediatric chest X-ray report
- "The presence of bronchogram sign helps differentiate pneumonia from atelectasis." — Radiology teaching file