ileal atresia
Congenital absence or occlusion of a segment of the ileum, presenting with bowel obstruction in newborns.
Full Definition
Ileal atresia is a congenital bowel anomaly characterized by complete absence (type III) or occlusion (type I-II) of a segment of the ileum. On imaging, it presents with dilated proximal bowel loops and absence of gas distally, creating characteristic patterns on abdominal radiographs. Unlike duodenal atresia, ileal atresia typically shows multiple dilated bowel loops and may be associated with meconium peritonitis. Prenatal ultrasound may detect polyhydramnios and dilated fetal bowel loops. Post-natal imaging helps determine the level and extent of atresia for surgical planning.
Usage
Usage note: Distinguish from stenosis (partial obstruction) versus atresia (complete absence/occlusion).
In Context
- "Multiple dilated bowel loops without distal gas suggested ileal atresia rather than duodenal obstruction." — neonatal abdominal radiograph
- "Contrast enema confirmed the diagnosis of ileal atresia with a blind-ending pouch." — fluoroscopy report