neuroblastoma
A malignant tumor arising from neural crest cells, most commonly occurring in the adrenal glands and sympathetic nervous system in young children.
Full Definition
Neuroblastoma is the most common extracranial solid tumor in children, typically affecting patients under 5 years of age. It arises from neural crest cells and most frequently develops in the adrenal medulla, though it can occur anywhere along the sympathetic chain. The tumor often presents as an abdominal mass with calcifications visible on imaging. Unlike Wilms tumor, neuroblastoma typically crosses the midline and encases vessels rather than displacing them. Metastatic disease is common at presentation, particularly to bone, bone marrow, liver, and lymph nodes. MIBG scintigraphy and bone marrow biopsy are important for staging. The biological behavior varies widely, from spontaneous regression in infants to aggressive disease in older children.
Usage
Usage note: One word, not hyphenated. Distinguish imaging features from other pediatric abdominal masses in reports.
In Context
- "The calcified suprarenal mass with vascular encasement suggests neuroblastoma." — Pediatric imaging report
- "MIBG scan is positive, confirming metastatic neuroblastoma." — Nuclear medicine report