Kawasaki disease
Pronunciation: kah-wah-SAH-kee
Acute systemic vasculitis primarily affecting children under five years of age.
Full Definition
Kawasaki disease is an acute, self-limited vasculitic syndrome that predominantly affects children under five years of age, with peak incidence between 6 months and 2 years. The condition is characterized by prolonged fever, conjunctival injection, oral mucosal changes, rash, extremity changes, and cervical lymphadenopathy. The most serious complication is the development of coronary artery aneurysms, which can lead to myocardial infarction or sudden death. Early recognition and treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin and aspirin can significantly reduce the risk of cardiac complications. The disease shows a higher prevalence in children of Asian descent.
Usage
Usage note: Named after Dr. Tomisaku Kawasaki; capitalize as proper noun.
In Context
- "The patient met four of the five clinical criteria for Kawasaki disease and required immediate IVIG treatment." — Emergency department note
- "Serial echocardiograms are essential for monitoring coronary artery changes in Kawasaki disease patients." — Cardiology consultation