Vesicoureteral Reflux
Abnormal retrograde flow of urine from the bladder to the kidneys, graded I-V and managed surgically when medical therapy fails.
Full Definition
Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is the abnormal retrograde flow of urine from the bladder toward the kidneys due to incompetence of the ureterovesical junction. The condition is graded I-V based on the extent of reflux seen on voiding cystourethrogram. Low-grade reflux often resolves spontaneously, while high-grade reflux may require surgical intervention to prevent recurrent urinary tract infections and renal scarring. Surgical options include ureteral reimplantation, endoscopic injection, and laparoscopic techniques. The goal is to create a competent anti-reflux mechanism while preserving ureteral function.
Usage
Usage note: Always specify the grade (I-V) and whether unilateral or bilateral when documenting VUR.
In Context
- "Grade IV vesicoureteral reflux required bilateral ureteral reimplantation after failed medical management." — Pediatric urology consultation
- "Endoscopic treatment of vesicoureteral reflux achieved 85% success rates in this patient cohort." — Clinical outcomes study