anorectal malformation
A spectrum of congenital anomalies involving imperforate anus and associated abnormalities of the rectum and surrounding structures.
Full Definition
Anorectal malformations (ARM) represent a spectrum of congenital anomalies characterized by imperforate anus, with or without fistulous communications to the genitourinary tract or perineum. These malformations occur in approximately 1 in 5,000 live births and are classified as low, intermediate, or high based on the level of rectal termination relative to the levator ani muscle complex. Associated anomalies are common, particularly genitourinary abnormalities, and many patients require multidisciplinary care including pediatric surgery, urology, and gastroenterology. The VACTERL association should be considered in all patients with ARM.
Usage
Usage note: Can be abbreviated as ARM in subsequent references; ensure distinction from other malformation types.
In Context
- "The newborn screening revealed an anorectal malformation requiring immediate surgical evaluation." — Neonatal assessment report
- "High anorectal malformations often require staged reconstruction procedures." — Surgical planning documentation