gastroschisis
Pronunciation: gas-TROS-kih-sis
Congenital abdominal wall defect where intestines protrude through an opening beside the umbilical cord, requiring immediate surgical repair.
Full Definition
Gastroschisis is a congenital abdominal wall defect characterized by herniation of intestinal contents through a full-thickness defect in the abdominal wall, typically located to the right of the umbilical cord insertion. Unlike omphalocele, the herniated organs are not covered by a membrane and are directly exposed to amniotic fluid during fetal development, which can cause inflammation and damage to the bowel. The condition requires immediate surgical intervention after birth, often involving staged closure if the defect is large. Infants with gastroschisis may have associated complications including intestinal atresia, short bowel syndrome, or feeding difficulties. Long-term prognosis is generally favorable with appropriate surgical management.
Usage
Usage note: Distinguish from omphalocele, which involves a membrane covering the herniated organs.
In Context
- "The newborn with gastroschisis underwent immediate surgical repair using a staged approach." — Neonatal surgery operative note
- "Prenatal ultrasound detected gastroschisis, allowing for planned delivery at a tertiary care center." — Maternal-fetal medicine consultation