kernicterus

Full Definition

A serious neurological condition resulting from the deposition of unconjugated bilirubin in brain tissue, particularly in the basal ganglia and brainstem nuclei. Kernicterus represents the most severe manifestation of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia and can cause permanent disabilities including cerebral palsy, hearing loss, intellectual disability, and dental enamel defects. This preventable condition emphasizes the importance of appropriate monitoring and timely treatment of neonatal jaundice.

Usage

Usage note: Distinguish from acute bilirubin encephalopathy; emphasize preventable nature in documentation.

In Context

• "The infant's severe hyperbilirubinemia required immediate exchange transfusion to prevent kernicterus." — emergency treatment note
• "Long-term follow-up revealed developmental delays consistent with kernicterus sequelae." — neurology assessment