necrotizing enterocolitis
Pronunciation: NEK-roh-ty-zing EN-ter-oh-koh-LY-tis
Serious gastrointestinal condition primarily affecting premature infants, characterized by inflammation and tissue death in the intestinal wall.
Full Definition
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a severe inflammatory condition of the gastrointestinal tract that predominantly affects premature infants, particularly those born before 32 weeks gestation. The condition involves inflammation and necrosis of the intestinal wall, which can lead to perforation, sepsis, and potentially death. Risk factors include prematurity, formula feeding, and bacterial colonization. Clinical presentation may include feeding intolerance, abdominal distention, bloody stools, and signs of systemic illness. Treatment ranges from conservative management with bowel rest and antibiotics to surgical intervention in severe cases.
Usage
Usage note: Often abbreviated as NEC in clinical documentation after first mention.
In Context
- "The preterm infant developed necrotizing enterocolitis at 10 days of life, requiring immediate surgical consultation." — NICU progress note
- "Breast milk feeding is associated with reduced risk of necrotizing enterocolitis in premature infants." — Clinical research abstract