ventriculoperitoneal shunt
Also written as: VP — ventriculoperitoneal
Surgical drainage system that diverts excess cerebrospinal fluid from brain ventricles to the peritoneal cavity to treat hydrocephalus.
Full Definition
A ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt is a medical device surgically implanted to treat hydrocephalus by creating an alternative pathway for cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) drainage. The system consists of a ventricular catheter placed in the brain's lateral ventricle, connected via tubing to a programmable valve, with a distal catheter that terminates in the peritoneal cavity where excess CSF is absorbed. In pediatrics, VP shunts are commonly placed for congenital hydrocephalus, post-hemorrhagic hydrocephalus in premature infants, or secondary to neural tube defects. The programmable valve allows for non-invasive pressure adjustments using external magnetic programming devices. Potential complications include shunt malfunction, infection, and over- or under-drainage syndromes.
Usage
Usage note: Commonly abbreviated as VP shunt. Specify valve type and pressure settings when documenting adjustments.
In Context
- "The infant with post-hemorrhagic hydrocephalus required placement of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt for CSF diversion." — Neurosurgical consultation
- "Programming of the ventriculoperitoneal shunt valve was adjusted to optimize drainage pressure for the growing child." — Follow-up clinic note