puerperal sepsis
Pronunciation: pyoo-ER-per-al SEP-sis
Infection of the genital tract occurring within 42 days of delivery, abortion, or miscarriage. Also known as postpartum sepsis.
Full Definition
A serious infection of the reproductive tract that occurs within 42 days following delivery, abortion, or miscarriage, characterized by fever and other signs of systemic infection. Puerperal sepsis, also called postpartum sepsis or childbed fever, typically originates from bacterial contamination during delivery or retained products of conception. Common causative organisms include group A and B streptococci, anaerobes, and gram-negative bacteria. Clinical presentation includes fever (≥38.5°C), chills, abdominal pain, foul-smelling lochia, and signs of systemic toxicity. Risk factors include prolonged rupture of membranes, operative delivery, retained placental fragments, and inadequate aseptic technique. Early recognition and aggressive treatment with broad-spectrum antibiotics are essential, as the condition can rapidly progress to septic shock and multi-organ failure.
Usage
Usage note: Term historically associated with maternal mortality. 'Postpartum sepsis' is often preferred in contemporary usage.
In Context
- "The patient developed puerperal sepsis on postoperative day 3 following cesarean delivery." — Hospital discharge summary
- "Signs of puerperal sepsis included high fever, tachycardia, and malodorous lochia." — Emergency department evaluation