Gingival Recession
Pronunciation: JIN-jih-val reh-SESH-un
The apical migration of the gingival margin below the cementoenamel junction, resulting in exposure of the root surface.
Full Definition
Gingival recession is a common mucogingival condition characterised by displacement of the free gingival margin apical to the CEJ, leaving the root surface exposed and vulnerable to sensitivity, abrasion, and caries. It is classified using systems such as the Cairo classification (2011) or the older Miller classification, and editors must ensure any classification system cited is used consistently and correctly. Recession may be localised or generalised, and documentation should specify the affected surface and millimetre measurement. The term 'recession' is a noun; the adjective form is 'recessed gingiva' or 'receded margin,' and 'receding gum' is colloquial and inappropriate in clinical records.
Usage
Usage note: Use 'gingival recession,' not 'receding gums' in clinical or editorial contexts. When citing classification, specify the system (e.g., Cairo RT1, Miller Class II) to avoid ambiguity. The noun 'recession' should not be pluralised loosely; use 'recession defects' when referring to multiple sites.
In Context
- "Gingival recession of 3 mm was documented on the buccal surface of tooth 11, classified as Cairo RT1." — Periodontal examination record
- "The author inconsistently applied the Miller and Cairo classification systems; standardize to Cairo throughout the manuscript." — Peer review editorial note