hemolysis
Pronunciation: hee-MOL-i-sis
The breakdown or destruction of red blood cells, causing the release of hemoglobin into the plasma or serum.
Full Definition
Hemolysis is a critical pre-analytical factor that can significantly affect laboratory test results and is often caused by improper phlebotomy technique. In vitro hemolysis can result from excessive vacuum pressure, small needle gauge, forceful aspiration, or rough handling of specimens. The presence of free hemoglobin in serum or plasma creates a characteristic pink to red discoloration and can interfere with spectrophotometric assays, leading to falsely elevated or decreased values. Severe hemolysis may require specimen rejection and recollection. Documentation of hemolysis severity using standardized grading scales helps laboratory personnel determine test reliability and appropriate result reporting.
Usage
Usage note: Document degree of hemolysis (slight, moderate, severe) in specimen rejection reports
In Context
- "The potassium result was rejected due to moderate hemolysis observed in the specimen." — Laboratory rejection report
- "To prevent hemolysis, use a 21-gauge needle and avoid excessive aspiration force during collection." — Training manual