Glenohumeral Subluxation
Pronunciation: glee-noh-HYOO-mer-ul sub-lux-AY-shun
Partial dislocation of the shoulder joint in which the humeral head is displaced from the glenoid fossa, commonly occurring as a complication of hemiplegia or rotator-cuff weakness.
Full Definition
Glenohumeral subluxation refers to incomplete or partial separation of the articular surfaces of the shoulder joint—specifically the head of the humerus from the glenoid fossa of the scapula—without complete dislocation. In PM&R, it is most frequently encountered in patients with stroke-related hemiplegia, where loss of rotator-cuff muscle tone allows the weight of the arm to inferiorly displace the humeral head. It is a distinct entity from full dislocation and requires different management, typically including positioning, supportive orthoses, and neuromuscular electrical stimulation. Editors should note the correct adjectival spelling 'glenohumeral' (one word, no hyphen) and its distinction from 'shoulder dislocation.' Accurate use of this term is critical in documentation for insurance authorisation and impairment rating reports.
Usage
Usage note: 'Glenohumeral' is always written as one unhyphenated word. Do not confuse with 'acromioclavicular subluxation,' which refers to a different joint.
In Context
- "The occupational therapist noted a two-finger glenohumeral subluxation on the affected side and recommended a hemi-sling for positioning." — Occupational therapy evaluation
- "Glenohumeral subluxation was graded as Grade II on the standard finger-breadth scale." — Physiatric consultation report