epicardial adipose tissue
Visceral fat located between the myocardium and visceral pericardium, directly surrounding coronary arteries.
Full Definition
Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) is a unique visceral fat depot that lies directly on the myocardial surface beneath the visceral pericardium. Unlike other adipose tissues, EAT shares the same coronary blood supply as the myocardium and lacks fascial boundaries, allowing direct interaction with coronary arteries and cardiac muscle. EAT thickness is typically measured by echocardiography or cardiac CT, with normal values generally <7mm. Increased EAT volume or thickness is associated with coronary artery disease, atrial fibrillation, and metabolic dysfunction. EAT produces various inflammatory cytokines and adipokines that may directly influence coronary atherosclerosis and cardiac electrophysiology.
Usage
Usage note: EAT abbreviation acceptable after first use; distinguish from paracardial fat which is outside the parietal pericardium.
In Context
- "Echocardiographic measurement revealed epicardial adipose tissue thickness of 9.2 mm, above normal limits." — Cardiac imaging report
- "Increased epicardial adipose tissue volume correlated with higher coronary calcium scores in this patient cohort." — Research findings summary