neuroleptic malignant syndrome
Also written as: NMS
A rare but potentially fatal adverse reaction to antipsychotic medications characterized by hyperthermia, rigidity, and altered consciousness.
Full Definition
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) is a serious, potentially life-threatening adverse reaction to antipsychotic medications and other dopamine-blocking drugs. The syndrome is characterized by hyperthermia (fever), severe muscle rigidity, altered mental status, and autonomic dysfunction including tachycardia, blood pressure fluctuations, and diaphoresis. Laboratory findings typically include elevated creatine kinase, leukocytosis, and myoglobinuria. NMS requires immediate medical intervention, discontinuation of the offending medication, and supportive care.
Usage
Usage note: Always use full term in initial documentation; distinguish from other drug-related syndromes.
In Context
- "The patient developed neuroleptic malignant syndrome requiring immediate intensive care management." — Emergency consultation
- "All staff must be trained to recognize early signs of NMS in patients receiving antipsychotic medications." — Safety protocol