serotonin syndrome
Potentially life-threatening condition caused by excessive serotonergic activity, typically from drug interactions or overdoses.
Full Definition
Serotonin syndrome is a serious medical emergency resulting from excess serotonin in the central nervous system. It typically occurs when multiple serotonergic medications are combined, such as SSRIs with MAOIs, or when therapeutic doses are exceeded. Clinical presentation includes altered mental status, autonomic instability (hyperthermia, diaphoresis, tachycardia), and neuromuscular abnormalities (muscle rigidity, hyperreflexia, clonus). The Hunter Criteria are commonly used for diagnosis. Treatment involves discontinuation of offending agents, supportive care, and sometimes cyproheptadine administration. Recognition and prompt treatment are crucial as the condition can be fatal.
Usage
Usage note: Monitor for when prescribing multiple serotonergic agents.
In Context
- "The combination of sertraline and tramadol precipitated serotonin syndrome in this patient." — adverse event report
- "Emergency protocols for serotonin syndrome should be readily available in psychiatric units." — safety guideline