cuff pressure
The pressure maintained in the inflatable cuff of an endotracheal or tracheostomy tube to create an airway seal.
Full Definition
Cuff pressure refers to the air pressure within the inflatable cuff surrounding an artificial airway (endotracheal or tracheostomy tube) that creates a seal against the tracheal wall. Optimal cuff pressure ranges from 20-30 cmH2O (15-22 mmHg), providing adequate seal for positive pressure ventilation while minimizing tracheal ischemia risk. Pressures below 20 cmH2O may allow aspiration or air leaks, while pressures above 30 cmH2O can cause tracheal mucosal damage, ulceration, or stenosis. Cuff pressure should be monitored regularly using a manometer and adjusted as needed. Factors affecting cuff pressure include patient position changes, coughing, and nitrous oxide diffusion during anesthesia.
Usage
Usage note: Always specify units (cmH2O or mmHg); critical safety parameter requiring regular monitoring.
In Context
- "Cuff pressure was adjusted to 25 cmH2O to eliminate the air leak during positive pressure ventilation." — Airway management note
- "Excessive cuff pressure of 45 cmH2O was corrected to prevent tracheal injury." — Respiratory therapy quality improvement report