hypoxemia
Pronunciation: high-pox-EE-mee-ah
Abnormally low oxygen levels in arterial blood, typically defined as PaO2 less than 80 mmHg.
Full Definition
Hypoxemia refers to insufficient oxygen content in arterial blood, distinguished from hypoxia which refers to inadequate oxygen delivery to tissues. It is objectively measured through arterial blood gas analysis, with normal PaO2 values ranging from 80-100 mmHg at sea level. Hypoxemia can result from various causes including ventilation-perfusion mismatch, right-to-left shunting, hypoventilation, or diffusion impairment. Clinical manifestations may include dyspnea, tachypnea, cyanosis, and altered mental status. The condition requires prompt identification and treatment to prevent tissue hypoxia and organ dysfunction.
Usage
Usage note: Distinguish from 'hypoxia' which refers to tissue oxygen deficiency rather than blood oxygen levels.
In Context
- "The patient's hypoxemia improved from PaO2 of 55 mmHg to 85 mmHg following bronchodilator treatment." — Blood gas analysis report
- "Severe hypoxemia warranted immediate intubation and mechanical ventilation." — Emergency department note