peak airway pressure
The highest pressure reached in the airways during mechanical ventilation, reflecting both airway resistance and lung compliance.
Full Definition
Peak airway pressure (also called peak inspiratory pressure or PIP) is the maximum pressure measured in the ventilator circuit during the inspiratory phase of mechanical ventilation. This pressure reflects the combined effects of airway resistance, lung compliance, and chest wall compliance. Elevated peak pressures may indicate bronchospasm, secretions, circuit obstruction, or decreased lung compliance, while sudden increases can signal pneumothorax or ventilator circuit problems. Respiratory therapists monitor peak pressures closely as part of lung-protective ventilation strategies, typically maintaining levels below 30-35 cmH2O to minimize barotrauma risk.
Usage
Usage note: Distinguish from plateau pressure, which is measured during zero flow conditions.
In Context
- "The peak airway pressure has increased to 38 cmH2O, suggesting increased airway resistance." — Ventilator alarm assessment
- "Maintain peak airway pressures below 30 cmH2O to minimize risk of barotrauma." — Lung-protective ventilation protocol