spasmodic dysphonia
Also written as: SD — Spasmodic Dysphonia
Neurological voice disorder characterized by involuntary vocal fold spasms causing voice breaks, strain, or breathiness.
Full Definition
Spasmodic dysphonia (SD) is a focal dystonia affecting the laryngeal muscles, resulting in involuntary spasms that disrupt normal voice production. The two primary types are adductor SD, characterized by voice breaks and strained quality due to excessive vocal fold closure, and abductor SD, featuring breathy voice breaks from inappropriate vocal fold opening. This neurological condition typically requires botulinum toxin injections for management, as traditional voice therapy alone is generally ineffective for treating the underlying dystonic symptoms.
Usage
Usage note: Specify adductor or abductor type when known; commonly abbreviated as SD in clinical notes.
In Context
- "The patient's adductor spasmodic dysphonia was successfully managed with bilateral botulinum toxin injections." — Medical treatment report
- "Differential diagnosis considered spasmodic dysphonia versus muscle tension dysphonia based on voice quality patterns." — Diagnostic evaluation