canal stenosis
Narrowing of the spinal canal that compresses the spinal cord or cauda equina, distinct from foraminal stenosis.
Full Definition
Canal stenosis, also known as central canal stenosis, is the pathological narrowing of the central spinal canal through which the spinal cord (in cervical and thoracic regions) or cauda equina (in lumbar region) passes. This narrowing can result from ligamentum flavum hypertrophy, facet joint arthropathy, disc bulging, or congenital factors. Canal stenosis differs from foraminal stenosis, which affects the lateral recesses where nerve roots exit. Surgical treatment may involve decompressive laminectomy or laminoplasty to relieve pressure on neural structures.
Usage
Usage note: Specify location (central vs. foraminal) to avoid confusion in surgical documentation.
In Context
- "The patient presented with severe canal stenosis causing cauda equina compression." — operative report
- "Decompressive laminectomy was performed to address the multilevel canal stenosis." — discharge summary