thoracolumbar burst fracture
A compression fracture at the thoracolumbar junction with retropulsion of bone fragments into the spinal canal.
Full Definition
A thoracolumbar burst fracture is a high-energy compression injury typically occurring at the thoracolumbar junction (T12-L2), where the transition from the rigid thoracic spine to the mobile lumbar spine creates a vulnerable area. These fractures involve failure of both anterior and middle columns of the spine, with characteristic retropulsion of posterior vertebral body fragments into the spinal canal. The injury mechanism usually involves axial loading combined with flexion, commonly seen in falls from height or motor vehicle accidents. Treatment decisions depend on neurological status, canal compromise, and spinal stability.
Usage
Usage note: Specify location (T12, L1, L2) when possible; distinguish from simple compression fractures which lack canal compromise.
In Context
- "CT imaging revealed a thoracolumbar burst fracture with 60% canal compromise." — radiology report
- "The patient underwent posterior stabilization for the unstable thoracolumbar burst fracture." — discharge summary