sudden cardiac arrest
Abrupt cessation of cardiac function leading to circulatory collapse and death if untreated.
Full Definition
Sudden cardiac arrest is the abrupt cessation of effective cardiac function resulting in immediate circulatory collapse, unconsciousness, and death within minutes if untreated. In athletic populations, sudden cardiac arrest represents the leading cause of exercise-related death, typically resulting from underlying structural heart disease, channelopathies, or acquired conditions such as myocarditis. The condition differs from myocardial infarction in that it involves primary electrical dysfunction rather than coronary occlusion. Emergency management requires immediate recognition, cardiopulmonary resuscitation, and rapid defibrillation when indicated. Prevention strategies focus on preparticipation screening, emergency action plans, and ensuring rapid access to automated external defibrillators at athletic venues.
Usage
Usage note: Distinguish from 'sudden cardiac death' which implies fatal outcome; specify survival when applicable.
In Context
- "The athletic trainer's prompt recognition of sudden cardiac arrest and immediate CPR saved the basketball player's life." — emergency response report
- "Risk stratification aims to identify athletes predisposed to sudden cardiac arrest during competition." — preventive cardiology